ANSWERED on Wed 11 Nov 2009 - 10:44 am UTC by answerfinder
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Asked by miro on Mon 9 Nov 2009 - 10:49 pm UTC:
How does the Rotterdam area get its electricity, and what are the types of generation sources? Specific details please.
Answer by Researcher answerfinder on Wed 11 Nov 2009 - 10:44 am UTC:
Dear Miro, And you thought this was going to be straightforward. Since 1998 the generation and supply of electricity in the Netherlands has undergone many changes with the aim of creating an open energy market. This also enables the consumer to make their choice of which energy supplier they wish to use. The Netherlands national grid is operated by TenneT B.V., the company is responsible for the main highways of the electricity network (1). This network also connects the Dutch grid to the national grids of neighbouring countries. So it is possible that electricity used in Rotterdam came from Germany or Norway. At below a certain voltage level, the grid is then controlled by regional grid administrators. In the case of Rotterdam, it is Stedin B.V.(2)(3) Since July 1, 2004 a Rotterdam consumer (both business and domestic) has the opportunity to choose their electricity supplier. They cannot change the network administrator. Not all the supplying companies produce all this power themselves, they may obtain it from other generating companies and sell it onto the consumer. To assist the consumer to select which company they wish to use, the government and its three enforcement bodies responsible for supervision of the energy market: the Consumer Authority, OPTA and the Nma, have established a website for consumers: ConsuWijzer. (4) The website (in Dutch) supplies detailed information on all the electricity suppliers including how their electricity is produced (5). I have examined each of the companies listed on this consumer site and this is information supplied about the method of generating electricity. ====== Name of company, source of power in percentage terms. Some have yet to be confirmed by the regulator. ====== Anode - still under validation Atoomstroom Atomic Power - still under validation Caplare - Water 100 De Ned. De Ned. Energie Maatschappij - Water 100 DELTA -Natural Gas 38.6; Coal 19.0; Nuclear 12.7; Other 2.1; Wind 13.8; biomass 13.8 DGB Energie - Natural Gas 56.6; Coal 30.3; Nuclear 9.2; Other 2.6; Wind 1.2 Dong Energy - Natural Gas 20.6; Coal 8.8; Nuclear 2.8; Other 1.2; Wind 1.6; Water 59.1; Biomass - 5.8 E.ON - Natural Gas 37.8; Coal 16.2; Nuclear 5.2; Other 2.2; Wind 17.8; Water 16.3; Biomass 4.5 Electrabel - still under validation Elektran - water 100 Eneco - Natural Gas 69.3; Coal 4.6; Nuclear 1.5; Other 0.6; Wind 3.6; Water 16.8; Biomass 3.5 Energie - direct - Natural Gas 58.0; Coal - 24.0; Nuclear 8.0; Other 3.0; Wind 2.0; Water 1.0; Biomass - 4.0 Essent - Natural Gas 36.0; Coal 15.0; Nuclear 5.0; Other 2.0; Wind 12.0; Water 9.0; Biomass 21.0 Frivius - Wind 15.0; Sun 0.04; Water 70.3; Biomass 14.6 Green Choice - Wind 21.0; Sun 0.5; Water 47.0; Biomass 31.5 HVC Energie - Biomass 100 MAIN Energie - Natural Gas 46.8 ;Coal 20.1; Nuclear 6.4; Other 2.8; Water 23.9 Nuon - Natural Gas 51.8; Coal 24.1; Nuclear 6.4; Other 5.3; Wind 6.3; Sun 0.02; Water 5.6; Biomass 0.5 Oxxio - Natural Gas 13.4; Coal 5.8; Nuclear 1.8; Other 0.8; Wind 3.7; Water 74.4; Biomass 0.1 Qwint - Wind 100 RWE Energy - Natural Gas 45.5; Coal 12.9; Nuclear 4.7; Other 5.9; Wind 29.4; Water 1.6 United Consumers Energie - Natural Gas 70.2; Coal 22.0; Nuclear 3.6; Other 2.0; Wind 0.2; Water 1.6; Biomass 0.4 Westland Energie - Natural Gas 60.0; Coal 25.0; Nuclear 8.0; Other 3.0; Water 3.0; Biomass 1.0 Woon Energie - Wind 4.7; Water - 95.2; Biomass - 0.1 As for the power generators, you may wish to explore these fact files on the 10 largest generators in the Netherlands. The data comes from 2007 with a 2009 update. http://somo.nl/publications-en/Publication_2673/?searchterm=factsheet Sources (1) "Transmission System Operator and administrator of the national high-voltage grid, TenneT is in charge of the ‘highways’ of the Dutch electricity grid, which interconnects all regional grids and the European grid. Besides managing the grid, we also monitor the reliability and continuity of the electricity supply in the Netherlands." http -//www.tennet.org/english/index.aspx "The national high-voltage grid consists of four types of high-voltage lines and cables - 380 kilovolt (kV), 220 kV, 110 kV and 150 kV. These are the standard voltage levels used in Europe for the transmission of large quantities of electricity ... TenneT manages the 380 kV and 220 kV grids throughout the Netherlands and the 150 kV grid in the province of Zuid-Holland. All high-voltage lines and cables are connected to one another via substations. The high-voltage grid branches off into 27 regional distribution grids. The distribution grids are operated by the regional grid administrators and transmit electricity to the end-users." http://www.tennet.org/english/tennet/publications/technical_publications/chart_national_transport_grid.aspx Map of the National grid http -//www.tennet.org/english/images/Netkaart%202008_tcm43-17191.pdf (2) http://www.stedin.net/Pages/Default.aspx (3) "TenneT, the Dutch Transmission System Operator, is planning to replace a large transformer in the substation that supplies electricity to central Rotterdam. The transformer in question converts high-voltage electricity (150 kV) supplied by the national grid to a lower voltage level (25 kV) for further distribution throughout central Rotterdam. Stedin the regional grid operator responsible for distributing electricity from the transformer to users in their homes and businesses" http -//tdworld.com/projects_in_progress/announcements/tennet-rotterdam-transformer-1108/index.html (4) http://www.consuwijzer.nl/ (5) http://www.consuwijzer.nl/energiewijzer List of companies http://www.consuwijzer.nl/EnergieWijzer_Start I hope this answer your question, if it does not please do not hesitate to ask for a clarification. Phil answerfinder
Answer clarification by Researcher answerfinder on Wed 11 Nov 2009 - 10:50 am UTC:
Sorry, the map link above is a typo. Try http://www.tennet.org/english/images/Netkaart%202008_tcm43-17191.pdf answerfinder
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Comment by miro on Wed 11 Nov 2009 - 3:37 pm UTC: